Using ImageMagick

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ImageMagick provides a simple screen or window shooting facility. To capture the whole screen:

$ import -window root root.png

Or the capture a specific window chosen with a click of the mouse button, and including the window manager's frame:

$ import -frame -pause 5 window.png

This latter command will capture the screen region occupied by the window. This might thus include other windows that overlap with the selected window, so the pause option is useful to allow you you bring the window of interest to the front. A simple mechanism for obtaining a window shot is to run the command from the Run Application window, usually initiated with Alt-F2.