Some of the standard comparisons (<, <=, >, >=, ==, !=) don't have a lot of meaning between two dictionaries. Since there may be no common keys, nor even a common data type for keys, dictionaries are simply compared by length. The dict with fewer elements is considered less than a dict with more elements.

The membership comparisons ( in , not in ) don't apply to dictionaries at all. It would be unclear whether the key or the value is referenced. Dictionaries have more sophisticated membership tests; we'll cover these under member methods, below.