12.3. The Benefits of Nested Functions

Probably the main reason for nested functions being allowed by GCC for flexibilities sake although small performance increases can be gained by using them correctly. Nested functions obey Lexical scoping, they have access to the variables of the function that contains them.

For this reason, they can accomplish tasks that would usually require functions taking pointers as arguments. There is a slight performance loss when pointers are used because a variable that has a pointer cannot be stored in a machine register. Pointers never point to machine registers so how would the pointer work?