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Xen 3.0 Virtualization User Guide
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6.4 Using NFS Root

First, populate a root filesystem in a directory on the server machine. This can be on a distinct physical machine, or simply run within a virtual machine on the same node.

Now configure the NFS server to export this filesystem over the network by adding a line to /etc/exports, for instance:

/export/vm1root      1.2.3.4/24 (rw,sync,no_root_squash)

Finally, configure the domain to use NFS root. In addition to the normal variables, you should make sure to set the following values in the domain's configuration file:

root       = '/dev/nfs'
nfs_server = '2.3.4.5'       # substitute IP address of server
nfs_root   = '/path/to/root' # path to root FS on the server

The domain will need network access at boot time, so either statically configure an IP address using the config variables ip, netmask, gateway, hostname; or enable DHCP (dhcp='dhcp').

Note that the Linux NFS root implementation is known to have stability problems under high load (this is not a Xen-specific problem), so this configuration may not be appropriate for critical servers.

Xen 3.0 Virtualization User Guide
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  Published under the terms of the GNU General Public License Design by Interspire