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44.9 Standards and Specifications
There are various sources that provide information about standards or
specifications.
- https://www.linuxbase.org
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The Free Standards Group is an independent nonprofit organization that
promotes the distribution of free software and open source software. The
organization endeavors to achieve this by defining
distribution-independent standards. The maintenance of several standards,
such as the important LSB (Linux Standard Base), is supervised by this
organization.
- https://www.w3.org
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The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is certainly one of the best-known
standards organizations. It was founded in October 1994 by Tim
Berners-Lee and concentrates on standardizing Web technologies. W3C
promotes the dissemination of open, license-free, and
manufacturer-independent specifications, such as HTML, XHTML, and XML.
These Web standards are developed in a four-stage process in
working groups and are presented to the public as
W3C recommendations (REC).
- https://www.oasis-open.org
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OASIS (Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information
Standards) is an international consortium specializing in the development
of standards for Web security, e-business, business transactions,
logistics, and interoperability between various markets.
- https://www.ietf.org
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The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is an internationally active
cooperative of researchers, network designers, suppliers, and users. It
concentrates on the development of Internet architecture and the smooth
operation of the Internet by means of protocols.
Every IETF standard is published as an RFC (Request for Comments) and is
available free-of-charge. There are six types of RFC: proposed standards,
draft standards, Internet standards, experimental protocols, information
documents, and historic standards. Only the first three (proposed, draft,
and full) are IETF standards in the narrower sense (see https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1796.txt).
- https://www.ieee.org
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The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is an
organization that draws up standards in the areas of information
technology, telecommunication, medicine and health care, transport, and
others. IEEE standards are subject to a fee.
- https://www.iso.org
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The ISO Committee (International Organization for Standards) is the
world's largest developer of standards and maintains a network of
national standardization institutes in over 140 countries. ISO standards
are subject to a fee.
- https://www.din.de
- https://www.din.com
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The Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN) is a registered technical
and scientific association. It was founded in 1917. According to DIN,
the organization is the institution responsible for standards in
Germany and represents German interests in worldwide and European
standards organizations.
The association brings together manufacturers, consumers, trade
professionals, service companies, scientists and others who have an
interest in the establishment of standards. The standards are subject to
a fee and can be ordered using the DIN home page.
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